Policing carbon markets
Carbon markets have emerged in recent decades as one of the most important tools for curbing industrial greenhouse gas emissions, but they present a number of novel enforcement challenges when compared
Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment
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The impact of climate legislation on trade-related carbon emissions, 1997–2017
There is considerable anxiety about the international impact of unilateral action on climate change. Environmentalists are concerned that it leads to ‘carbon leakage’, that is, the migration of high-emissions
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Supporting urban adaptation to climate change: what role can resilience measurement tools play?
Cities are emerging as leading forces for climate change adaptation and resilience, due to their financial, technological and human capacities. Many approaches and tools have been developed and used over
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Towards a just transition finance roadmap for India: laying the foundations for practical action
The India Just Transition Finance Roadmap (JTFR) project is part of an international collaboration with international partners including CDC Group, Harvard Kennedy School, and the London School of Economics.
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Financing China’s sustainable urban transformation
For China to meet its climate goals under the Paris Agreement and its 2060 carbon neutrality target, it is estimated that the country needs to spend US$20 trillion over the next three decades across all
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The economic case for China’s sustainable urban transformation
The low-carbon transformation of China’s urban areas is a crucial action towards meeting the Paris Agreement’s temperature goal. In this policy insight, Jasmine Tillu presents the economic case for this
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Induced innovation and international environmental agreements: evidence from the ozone regime
Global environmental problems are some of the most pressing issues that humanity is facing. There are few examples of success at resolving them; the fight to protect the ozone layer is one of them. This
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Congestion pricing, air pollution, and individual-level behavioural responses
Combatting climate change and poor urban air quality will require a fundamental shift towards greener modes of transport. Policies that incentivise individuals to choose low-emission alternatives to conventional
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When externalities collide: influenza and pollution
Influenza, or flu, and air pollution are significant public health risks that impact nations around the world with large economic consequences. The authors of this paper show that increased levels of air
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Saving lives and livelihoods: The benefits of investments in climate change adaptation and resilience
Adaptation to and resilience against the impacts of climate change are urgent and growing priorities around the world as levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere continue to increase. Investing in
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China’s new growth story: Linking the 14th Five-Year Plan with the 2060 carbon neutrality pledge
This paper discusses how China’s low-carbon transition can act as a new driver of growth in the post-COVID-19 era. It argues that China should peak its carbon emissions during the 14th Five-Year Plan,