Problems in motion

14/08/1996

Problems in motion Transport is an essential human activity and has a critical role in social development. But the environmental costs of this energy-intensive sector are also critical. It generates 20 per cent of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and has a significant impact on the surrounding eco-systems. While all modes of transport have environmental impacts, the most important is road transport which carries 70 per cent of all goods and people. As markets saturate in North America and western Europe, car manufacturers are looking at markets in developing countries where car ownership is extremely low. Much effort is needed to bridge the gap between increasing transport demands and sustainable development for which effective policies have to be devised.

Speed and emission
The amount of pollutants released by private cars at various speeds
	V km / h	CO g / km	HC g / km	NO_x g / km	CO₂ g / km	Fuel cons g / km	Traffic type
Petrol car	5	72	8.5	1.7	425.5	182	slow urban
	25	0.25	3	2	174	65	fluid urban
	40	20	2.3	2.2	148	54.5	slow road
	70	16.4	1.6	2.7	140	51.5	fluid road
	100	15	1.3	3.1	151	56	motorway
	120	14	1.1	3.4	162	60	motorway

*Gasoil car**	5	2.6	0.8	2.1	485	156	slow urban
	25	0.9	0.2	0.6	200	63	fluid urban
	40	0.7	0.15	0.5	171	54	slow road
	70	0.6	0.1	0.5	159	52	fluid road
	100	0.6	0.1	0.55	164	56	motorway
	120	0.6	0.06	0.6	172	60	motorway

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