Ground water year book - India 2021-22
Ground Water Year Book is prepared annually by CGWB depicting changes in ground water regime of the country through different seasons. It is an effort to obtain information on ground water levels through representative monitoring wells. The important attributes of ground water regime monitoring are ground water level. The natural conditions affecting the ground water regime involve climatic parameters like rainfall, evapotranspiration etc., whereas anthropogenic influences include pumpage from the aquifer, recharge due to irrigation systems and other practices like waste disposal etc. Ground water levels are being measured by Central Ground Water Board four times a year during January, March/April/ May, August and November. The regime monitoring started in the year 1969 by Central Ground Water Board. A network of 23209 observation wells, as on 31.03.2022, located all over the country is being monitored. Ground water samples are collected from these observation wells once a year during the month of March/April/ May to obtain background information of ground water quality changes on regional scale. The database thus generated forms the basis for planning the ground water development and management programmes. The ground water level and quality monitoring is of particular importance in coastal as well inland saline environment to assess the changes in salt water/fresh water interface as also the gradual quality changes in the fresh ground water regime. This data is used for assessment of ground water resources and changes in the regime consequent to various development and management activities.
