Contrary to conventional economic theories, the relationship between income growth and the share of the population within the rural or agricultural sector is extremely diverse, even among regions starting from similar levels of development, such as Asia and Africa. The pattern in developing Asia is characterized by
This paper uses the standard one-sector neoclassical growth model to investigate why China
This brief describes issues relevant to the timetable for reducing U.S. emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) under a
In many regions around the world, demand for fresh water now outstrips renewable supplies. Water scarcity is projected to worsen considerably due to a combination of factors such as population increase, higher incomes and changing lifestyles, pollution, and climate change. Agriculture is by far the biggest water user, accounting for more than 70% of global withdrawals.
This report presents various ways to optimise the benefits of bioenergy use in Europe by the years 2020 and 2030
The scale of investment needed to slow greenhouse gas emissions is larger than governments can manage through transfers. Therefore, climate change policies rely heavily on markets and private capital. This is especially true in the case of the Kyoto Protocol with its provisions for trade and investment in joint projects.
Due to regulations and compliance issues for urban centers
Carbon trading can have a significant influence on the bottom line and is here to stay. Its future, however, is uncertain and is driven by emerging legislation for the period after 2012. In the face of this uncertainty, what should executives responsible for investment outcomes post-2012 be doing now to ensure they maximize competitiveness and minimize risk?
The UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) convened a High-Level Policy Dialogue to discuss
The North East Region (NER) refers collectively to the eight states located in the midst of the East Himalayan region in the north-eastern part of India, constituting Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura. The region is well endowed with natural resources and ideal climatic conditions for agriculture, tea and rubber plantations
Providing safe drinking water to poor families in the coastal area of Andhra Pradesh is critical for the economic development of the region as well as to improve health and living conditions.
The objective of this report is to determine the impacts and vulnerabilities of forests and the forest sector to climate change and if corresponding policies and instruments have been implemented to promote the adaptation of forests and the forest sector.
Food is one of the most important determinants of health, which is why the food must be nutritive and safe, the processes involving cultivation, storage conducted with safety as a priority and where equitable distribution is ensured. This report makes an effort to put forth the important health and safety concerns arising from genetic engineering in agriculture.
This paper seeks to contribute to the literature on village governance and local public goods provision. Using data from 144 village-level governments in India's Tamil Nadu state, the paper examines whether the gender and caste of village government leaders influence village public goods provision.
The health impacts of air pollution depend on the pollutant type, its concentration in the air, length of exposure, other pollutants in the air, and individual susceptibility. The undernourished, very young and very old, and people with preexisting respiratory disease and other ill health, may be more affected by the same concentrations than healthy people.
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) launched the Energy Efficiency Initiative (EEI) in July 2005 to expand its operations in clean energy to $1 billion a year.
Access to safe and affordable water is considered to be a basic human right, yet the universal reality does not reflect this principle. A lack of adequate capacity and financing, and national policies which often rely on unsustainable use of water resources, prevent effective and sustainable provision of safe water and sanitation.
Living planet report 2008 looks at the cause and effect relationships which determine the Earth's health. Key to the report is the Living Planet Index, used to map out the state of the world's ecosystems, and the Ecological Footprint.
Food supply is an issue for millions of people worldwide facing soaring market prices, impacts of climate change on food harvests, and other agricultural problems. With the world population estimated to reach 9 billion by 2050, problems of food security demand significant advances in agricultural productivity and competitiveness.
The global financial crisis emerged at an alarming rate. A global credit squeeze led to large falls in international stock markets and the world economy is weakening rapidly. The Pacific is largely shielded from the most immediate effects of the crisis, but it is not immune. This Policy Brief provides early advice on what the global financial crisis could mean for the Pacific and
